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According to the United Nations is the Latin American country with the highest literacy level. According to a study made by the Transparency International organization, is the Latin American country (along with Chile) that has the lowest rate of perceived corruption. According to the United Nations Program for Development, is the third Latin American country (after Argentina and Chile), which has the highest Human Development Index.
It is also the Latin American country (along with Costa Rica), with more equitable income distribution, taking the
record between the incomes of 10% richest and the poorest 10% of the population. It is the fifth Latin American country (after Cuba, Costa Rica, Chile and Ecuador), respectively, with the highest life expectancy. It is the third country in South America (after Argentina and Chile), with higher GDP per capita and the ninth largest country in Latin America (after Brazil, Mexico, Argentina, Venezuela, Chile, Colombia, Peru and Ecuador), respectively with the highest GDP. According to the report of 2009 of "Reporters without borders", Uruguay is the country with the highest index of press freedom in South America.
It is also the most democratic Latin America country, according to the "Democracy Index" from “The Economist”, along with Costa Rica being the only Latin American countries considered as a 'complete democracy'. Uruguay was the first Latin American country, and second in the continent, to recognize and legalize civil unions, including same-sex couples throughout the country.
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Mercosur |
Uruguay map
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Uruguay belong to Mercosur, a legal person of international law also integrated by Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay as full members, Chile as the first associate member, Venezuela as a member not yet ratified by Brazil and Paraguay, and Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru, as recently associated states. Mercosur began operations with its own legal personality on 15 December 1995, entry into force of the Ouro Preto Protocol.
Mercosur has legislative Powers, through the issuance of decisions, resolutions and directives that are mandatory for member states (Articles 9, 15 and 20 of the Ouro Preto Protocol)
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Weather in Uruguay
The climate in Uruguay is temperate and humid (average
17 ° C), with warm summer and more or less homogeneous precipitation throughout the year. In Uruguay, where the maritime as the continental influence also make their presence, distribution of rainfall has a double rainy season, with a main maximum in autumn and a secondary maximum in spring.
For its latitude, between 30 º S and 35 º S, the four seasons are clearly differentiated by temperature.
The area in the extreme northwest (Artigas, Salto, Rivera) is considerably warmer with an average of about 19 °C and an average rainfall of about 1,400 mm annually.
The South and East (Montevideo, Maldonado, Rocha, Lavalleja) instead are cooler with an average of about 16ºC and 1000 mm annually.
However, the territory is characterized by great variability in weather, leading to say that in a day "Uruguay can have all the seasons".
Major floods (1959 and 2007) and prolonged droughts (years 1988/89 and 2008/2009) may affected the country.
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Potable water
Uruguay is the only Latin American country that has achieved near universal coverage access of safe drinking water and adequate sanitation, with high levels of service quality.
Due to these achievements, the government's priority is to improve service efficiency and expand access to sewer service (as appropriate) in areas where sanitation is used on site.
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Typical drinks
Grappamiel is an alcoholic drink originating in Uruguay and consist in mix honey and grappa. Is obtained from the Distillate of residue and delete from the fermenting grapes and then mixed with pure natural bee honey. The grappa with honey often contains about 25% alcohol.
Currently there is great wine production in Uruguay. The country has signed in the last 20 years to a quality production given the impossibility of competing with the large quantities of wine produced in neighboring regions (such as Mendoza in Argentina).
A peculiarity of Uruguay's wine production, especially internationally traded, is the use of the Tannat grape variety.
While other countries where this variety is produced, including France where it originated, the majority of production comes from Uruguay.
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Health in Uruguay |
Uruguay has a mixed health system (public and private). The Ministry of Public Health is responsible for standardizing, evaluating and monitoring health care around the country for both public and private assistance.
In 2006, 97.2% of the population living in towns of 5,000 inhabitants or more have some type of medical care, while the 2.8% recorded the total absence of rights for health care.
This same study revealed that almost 46% of the population is affiliated with a private medical institution, while 42% attend their health through the Ministry of Public Health or the University Hospital (attached to the Republic University).
Within the first, more than half (24.4%) also has mobile emergency service, while only 4.8% of users of public health, has this service
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Gastronomy
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Uruguay's cuisine is characterized by keeping certain parallels with Argentina and Rio Grande do Sul´s (Brazil) cuisine, differentiating therefore from much of Latin American cuisine.
This factor must be more to the contribution made by the country on the early arrival of immigrants from Spanish and Italian.
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Airports in Uruguay
In Uruguay there are about 64 secondary airports, of which nine have paved runways, with the other fifty five airfields or runways emergency side with unpaved runway pavement or mild.
The two most important are Carrasco International Airport located in Canelones, within the metropolitan area of Montevideo and Laguna del Sauce International Airport in the department of Maldonado.
Carrasco International Airport is in the process of building a new airport which is scheduled for 2009
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